Test de type de peau (Fitzpatrick)

Ce que ça mesure

This check uses the Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype Questionnaire — a standard clinical tool originally described by dermatologist Thomas B. Fitzpatrick — to classify your skin into one of six phototypes (Type I to VI) based on your genetic colouring and your skin's typical response to UV exposure. It identifies how much natural melanin protection your skin carries and guides appropriate sun-protection choices.

Comment ça marche

You answer nine questions across three sections: your genetic disposition (eye colour, hair colour, unexposed skin colour, and freckles), your skin's reaction to extended sun exposure (burning, tanning ability, tanning speed, and facial sensitivity), and your recent sun-exposure habits. Each answer carries a weighted score of 0–4 points. The total (out of 36) is mapped to a phototype band — from Type I (always burns, never tans) to Type VI (never burns, deeply pigmented). The whole check takes about two minutes.

Conseils pour un résultat fiable

• 1SPF is not optional for any phototype — Even phototype IV–VI skin accumulates UV damage over decades. Daily SPF 15–30 on the face meaningfully reduces photoageing and the long-term risk of skin cancer across all phototypes.
• 2Reapplication matters as much as SPF number — A factor-50 sunscreen applied once in the morning and not reapplied gives far less protection than a factor-30 reapplied every 2 hours. The British Association of Dermatologists recommends reapplying every 2 hours during sun exposure.
• 3Darker skin types are not immune to skin cancer — Skin cancer in phototypes IV–VI tends to be diagnosed later and at a more advanced stage. It often arises on less sun-exposed sites such as the palms, soles, and nail beds — areas frequently overlooked in self-examination.
• 4Know your UV index — The UK's Met Office and UV-index apps show daily UV levels. At UV index 3 or above, sun protection is recommended for all phototypes; at index 6 or above (common in UK summers), SPF 30+ and shade are strongly advisable.
• 5Conduct regular skin self-examinations — Once a month, examine your skin from head to toe using a mirror for hard-to-see areas. Use the ABCDE rule: Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Colour variation, Diameter greater than 6 mm, Evolution (any change). Report concerns promptly to your GP.